Engineering Tools

Calculate inverting and non-inverting op amp gain, find standard E24 resistor pairs, and prevent supply rail clipping with step-by-step formulas.

Calculate frequency, pulse width, and duty cycle for standard astable, diode astable, and monostable modes. Find nearest E24/E96 resistors.

Decode capacitor codes (104, 473, 100, 4R7) into pF, nF, and µF values or convert capacitance to 3-digit EIA codes with tolerance and tantalum SMD guide.

Calculate bitwise AND, OR, XOR, NOT, and bit shifts for 8, 16, 32, and 64-bit numbers.

Convert numbers between decimal, hexadecimal, binary, and octal bases.

Free online PIC18 simulator for PIC18F4550. Browser-based microcontroller simulation with assembler, CPU core, GPIO, UART, ADC, I2C, PWM, and virtual hardware board.

Calculate the exact minimum and maximum pull-up resistor values for your I2C bus based on capacitance, voltage, and speed mode.

Interactive CMOS switch-level circuit simulator. Build logic gates, latches, and adders directly from NMOS and PMOS transistors with live current flow and truth table verification.

Calculate voltage, current, resistance, and electrical power from any 2 known values. Includes formulas, unit prefixes, and worked examples.

Calculate power dissipation (P = V·I, I²R, V²/R) and find the safe resistor power rating.

Calculate R1, R2, Vout, and voltage divider ratio (Vout/Vin) with standard E24 resistors and load effects.

Calculate the exact and nearest standard E24 resistor value and power rating to safely drive any LED from 3.3V, 5V, 12V, or custom DC supply.

Calculate RC time constant (tau), 63%, 90%, 99% charge/discharge times, and cutoff frequency.

Calculate minimum PCB trace width and copper thickness for internal and external layers to carry target current without overheating.

Calculate the resonant frequency of an LC circuit.

Convert AWG to diameter/area, and estimate resistance and ampacity.

Calculate inverting and non-inverting op amp gain, find standard E24 resistor pairs, and prevent supply rail clipping with step-by-step formulas.

Calculate frequency, pulse width, and duty cycle for standard astable, diode astable, and monostable modes. Find nearest E24/E96 resistors.

Calculate junction temperature or required heat sink thermal resistance.

Decode resistor color code and find resistor value for 4, 5, and 6-band through-hole resistors.

Decode 3-digit, 4-digit, and EIA-96 surface mount resistor codes.

Decode capacitor codes (104, 473, 100, 4R7) into pF, nF, and µF values or convert capacitance to 3-digit EIA codes with tolerance and tantalum SMD guide.

An interactive, filterable pinout guide for ESP32, ESP32-S3, ESP32-C3, and ESP32-C6. Filter by ADC, safe-to-boot, and specialized functions.

Free online PIC18 simulator for PIC18F4550. Browser-based microcontroller simulation with assembler, CPU core, GPIO, UART, ADC, I2C, PWM, and virtual hardware board.

Compare ESP32, S3, C3, C6, H2, and P4 chips by Wi-Fi 6, BLE, Thread/Matter, dual cores, RISC-V architecture, and AI vector instructions.

Convert numbers between decimal, hexadecimal, binary, and octal bases.

Calculate bitwise AND, OR, XOR, NOT, and bit shifts for 8, 16, 32, and 64-bit numbers.

Convert ADC digital reading to voltage, calculate step size (LSB voltage), and find digital counts for 8, 10, 12, and 16-bit ADCs.

A calculator for pwm-calculator

Calculate UART bit duration, frame time, and actual throughput (Bytes/s) for any baud rate, data bits, parity, and stop bits.

Calculate standard CRC-8, CRC-16-MODBUS, and CRC-32 checksums for telemetry and protocol debugging.

A calculator for voltage-drop

Advanced deep-sleep cycle calculator. Estimate battery life for multi-phase IoT devices including peak-current checks, self-discharge, and temperature derating.

Estimate the RAM and Flash footprint of Edge AI / TFLite Micro models based on weights, precision, and peak activations.